That sword must fall. Notable activists in the Black Power Movement included Elaine Brown (the first Chairwoman of the Black Panther Party), Angela Davis (leader of the Communist Party USA), and Assata Shakur (a member of the Black Liberation Army). "[12], The first popular use of the term "Black Power" as a political and racial slogan was by Stokely Carmichael (later known as Kwame Ture) and Willie Ricks (later known as Mukasa Dada), both organizers and spokespersons for the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). One of the most well-known and unexpected demonstrations for Black Power occurred at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City. Malcolm X also adopted Islam at this stage, whereas Black Power was not organized around any religious institution. Other well-known writers who were involved with this movement included Nikki Giovanni; Don L. Lee, later known as Haki Madhubuti; Sonia Sanchez; Maya Angelou; Dudley Randall; Sterling Plumpp; Larry Neal; Ted Joans; Ahmos Zu-Bolton; and Etheridge Knight. "[21] Through the movement, blacks came to understand themselves and their culture by exploring and debating the question, "who are we?" All Rights Reserved. The Black Arts Movement or BAM, founded in Harlem by writer and activist Amiri Baraka (born Everett LeRoy Jones), can be seen as the artistic branch of the Black Power movement. )", "Ngawethu! Indeed, "fixation on the 'political' hinders appreciation of the movement's cultural manifestations and unnecessarily obscures black culture's role in promoting the psychological well being of the Afro-American people,"[47] states William L. Van Deburg, author of A New Day in Babylon, "movement leaders never were as successful in winning power for the people as they were in convincing people that they had sufficient power within themselves to escape 'the prison of self-deprecation'" [48] Primarily, the liberation and empowerment experienced by African Americans occurred in the psychological realm. [68] For instance, black recording artists not only transmitted messages of racial unity through their music, they also became significant role models for a younger generation of African Americans.

[66] Though many elements of the Black Arts movement are separate from the Black Power movement, many goals, themes, and activists overlapped. Though the Panthers considered themselves to be at war with the prevailing white supremacist power structure, they were not at war with all whites, but rather with those (mostly white) individuals empowered by the injustices of the structure and responsible for its reproduction. Stokely Carmichael stated that "the goal of black self-determination and black self-identity—Black Power—is recognition of the virtues in themselves as black people. Carmichael, Stokely/ Hamilton, Charles V., and Ture, Kwame: Goldstein, Brian D., "'The Search for New Forms': Black Power and the Making of the Postmodern City,", This page was last edited on 24 October 2020, at 20:50. [56] The outward manifestations of an appreciation and celebration of blackness abound: black dolls, natural hair, black Santas, models and celebrities that were once rare and symbolic have become commonplace.

The effects of Black Power as a political slogan, movement, and form of cultural expression lives on in the current Movement for Black Lives. What we gonna start sayin' now is Black Power!

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